Used to temporarily rename a column or a column heading.

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You rename a column for the output by giving it an alias. An alias creates a temporary, display-only name for a column or expression in the results, so the heading you see in the query result can be more readable or meaningful without changing the table’s actual schema. For example, SELECT salary * 12 AS annual_salary FROM employees; makes the result column header appear as annual_salary instead of the raw expression. The AS keyword is optional in many SQL dialects, so you could also write SELECT salary * 12 annual_salary FROM employees. In many databases you can even refer to this alias in ORDER BY to sort by the new heading. This is distinct from renaming a real column in the table, which would involve altering the table itself. The other options don’t create a temporary result-name: SET is for variables or settings, VALUES supplies literal data for inserts, and Table_name is the actual name of the table being queried.